Marxism ekonomi nackdelar
Nationalekonomi
Kategori
Bild: Pixabay/SO-rummet
Nationalekonomiska teorier kan vara både heltäckande förklaringsmodeller eller mer specificerade teorier. Gemensamt är att de försöker förklara samhällsvetenskapliga ekonomiska problem.
I det här avsnittet presenteras några av de vanligaste nationalekonomiska teorierna: merkantilism, ekonomisk liberalism, marxism, keynesianism och monetarism. Vi kommer också titta närmare på begreppen självhushållning och penningekonomi.
Koppling till ämnesplaner för gymnasiet hittar du längre ner i texten.
Ordet nationalekonomi handlar precis som all annan ekonomi om att hushålla med resurser. I detta fall ett helt lands resurser. Idéerna bakom blir därför också politiska och skiljer mycket från privatekonomi.
I det här avsnittet presenteras några av de vanligaste nationalekonomiska teorierna: merkantilism, ekonomisk liberalism, marxism, keynesianism och monetarism. Vi kommer också titta närmare på begreppen självhushållning och penningekonomi.
Koppling till ämnesplaner för gymnasiet hittar du längre ner i texten.
Ordet nationalekonomi handlar precis som all annan ekonomi om att hushålla med resurser. I detta
The economic struktur we live under today is capitalism: based on competition, private ownership and the production for profit. Karl Marx revolutionised our understanding of the capitalist system. With his vast collection of economic writings – including the three volumes of Capital – Marx stripped away the mysticism surrounding capitalism, uncovering and explaining its inner processes, framträdande laws, and intrinsic contradictions.
Marx built upon the work of his ‘classical’ predecessors – in particular the British economists Adam Smith and David Ricardo. These enlightenment thinkers had attempted to examine capitalism on a scientific basis. In doing so, they hit upon the idea that labour was the source of all new value within society.
By developing this ‘labour theory of value’, Marx was able to explain an enigma that had eluded the classical economists: that of profit. This, Marx demonstrated, arises from exploitation – that is, from the surplus value produced by the working class. Simply put, the capitalists’ profits are obtained from the unpaid labour of the workers.
But this fact, in vända, led Marx to an even more shattering conclusion: that the capitalist struktur is inhe
Marxian economics
Not to be confused with Marxism.
School of economic thought
Marxian economics, or the Marxian school of economics, is a heterodox school of political economic thought. Its foundations can be traced back to Karl Marx'scritique of political economy. However, unlike critics of political economy, Marxian economists tend to accept the concept of the economyprima facie. Marxian economics comprises several different theories and includes multiple schools of thought, which are sometimes opposed to each other; in many cases Marxian analysis is used to complement, or to supplement, other economic approaches.[1] Because one does not necessarily have to be politically Marxist to be economically Marxian, the two adjectives coexist in usage, rather than being synonymous: They share a semantic field, while also allowing both connotative and denotative differences. An example of this can be found in the works of Soviet economists like Lev Gatovsky, who sought to apply Marxist economic theory to the objectives, needs, and political conditions of the socialist construction in the Soviet Union, contributing to the development of Soviet Political Economy.
Marx